Sand pump or bailer.



No. 739,042. PATENTHD SEPT. 15, 1903. M. 0. WHITE. SAND PUMP 0R BAILER.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 20. 1901.

- no MODEL.

fl 1 r i VIV- Vrd r1 wiwm as UNITED STATES Iatented September 15, 1903 MORRIS G. WHITE, OF LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA.

SAND PUMP OR BAILER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 739,042, dated September 15, 1903.

' Application filed May.20,190 1. Serial Nat-31,183. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern: v

Beit known thatI, MORRIS 0. WHITE, a citi? zen of the United States, residing at Los Angeles, in the county of Los Angeles and State of California, have invented new and useful Improvements in Sand Pumps or Bailers, of which the following is a specification.

An object of this invention is to provide means whereby the time and labor of removing the mud, sand, water, rocks, and gravel from the bottom of a bored well will be reduced to a minimum and whereby the loose solids at the bottom of the well can be readily churned. into suspension in the liquid and forciblyl ifted into the bailer for removal from the well.

This improvement relates to that class of sand pumps or bailers in-which a piston is provided at the lower end of the tubular body of the bailer to seat against a fixed seat and by which the bailer is raised and lowered.

In sand pumps or bailers which are provided below the opening through the fixed seat with a solid bottom or foot piece to rest upon the bottom of the well or upon any support onto which the bailer is lowered for the purpose of allowing the piston to descend from its seat, thus to open the bailer, the process of filling the bailer is necessarily slow, and the material flowing into the bailer has been forced toenter the apparatus from the side instead of directly from the bottom, thereby preventing the bailer from operating freelyin any wells which were not of considerably. larger diameter than the bailer.

By my invention I provide a bailer which may be used in a casing of but slightly greater diameter than the bailer and which will descend readily through the liquid, mud, sand, and other contents of the well mixed with liquid and which will fill rapidly and freely as it descends. This I accomplish by forming the piston of a ring and a flap-valve which will open upward through the fixed annular piston-seat from the pressure below while the apparatus is descending through the liquid and semisolid contents of the well,

thus allowing the water, mud,sand,and gravel to be freely-received into the body of the bailer as the bailer descends, but to prevent the same from passing out of the bailer until the bailer is brought to rest upon a support and the piston is bodily lowered to bring its 'a sucker-plunger in the bailer-tube.

shown.

upper face below the top of the lateral openrugs.

In actual practice the sand pump or bailer is lowered into the well at a high rate of speed, and it is an object of this invention to take advantage of the momentum of the sand pump or bailer to sink it into the soft contents of the well with the purpose of filling the bailer with'such soft contents. As the sand pump or bailer descends through the liquid contents of thewell the same will by this construction be free to pass in at the bottom of the bailer and out at the top and will allow the bailer to forcibly strike any mud at the bottom of the well, so as to sink into the same, thus readily loading the bailer with such mud. -It is often possible by lowering the bailer at a high speed to accom plish at two runs what would not be accom plished by half a dozen runs at a lesser speed.

By employing an automatically-operated flap-valve in the tube, which is axially open and unobstructed below said flap-valve, it is possible to load the bailer by the momentum of rapid descent for sinking it into soft mud,

and it is also possible by a churning action to load the bailer with more compact sand and coarse gravel, rocks, and boulders.

The accompanying drawings illustrate this invention.

Figure I isjan axial section of a pump or bailer embodying my invention applied with It is to be understood that the omitted side of the bailer is preferably a duplicate of the one Fig. II is a plan on line II II of the bailer shown in Fig. I. Fig. III is a plan section of said bailer on line III III, Fig. I. Fig. IV is a plan section on line IV IV, Fig. I. Fig. V is an axial section ofthe bailer without the sucker-plunger. Fig-VI is a detail of the upper end of one of the valve-stem rods.

a designates the tubular body of the bailer,

furnished near its bottom with a fixed annuthrough the ring o and constructed to open up wardly through the annular fixed piston-seat 1 to allow the material in the well to pass freely into the tubular body a.

3 designates ,the usual lateral opening, through which the contents of the bailer will be discharged in the ordinary manner when the piston c d is brought below the top of said opening.

4 designates the portion ofthe bailer which serves as a support for the bailer and also as a guide for the piston in the operation of lowering the piston to discharge the contents of the bailer.

In bailing a well on the descent of the apparatus into the liquid contents of the well the valve 01 will yield to the pressure from below and will move up through the annular piston seat 1, thus admitting into the tube or barrel said liquid contents and also sand and mud and other small solids, and when the downward projections or legs 4 are stopped by coming into contact with any solid at the bottom of the well the ring 0, which is preferably made in the form of an annular plate, willdescend through the semiliquid contents, allowing the loose materialssuch as sand, gravel, stones, and small boulders-to pass therethrough, lifting the flap-valve (1 out of the way above the opening Z in the piston, thus leavinga free passage for the coarse and lumpy material as well as the fine and liquid contents of the well, and upon the reverse movement of the piston-rod b the same will be drawn upward, and by churning the valved piston up and down the loose material at the bottom of the well may be sufficiently mixed with the water and so brought into suspension as to allow the hinged valve 01 to close beneath them, so that when the rod is finally drawn upward to seat the ring 0 against the annular piston-seat l to. lift the bailer the 7 material which has been brought above the ring a and its valve 01 will be forced up into the body of the bailer, whereby such material may be removed from the well. In this way the more solid and lumpy contents at the bottom of the well can be removed, and the more liquid contents which may be around or extend above the top of the bailer may pass down to the bottom of the well outside and around the bailer to take the place of the semisolid material thus removed. By this apparatus operated in this manner the operation of drilling the well can be performed with a less amount of water than heretofore for the reason that the bailer removes the more solid materials and may allow the more liquid contents of the well to remain in the well for use in drilling after the bailing out of the solid material has been completed.

In case it is desired to lower water into the well and to discharge it at the bottom of the well this is readily done by filling the bailer while suspended from the piston-rod Z) and lowering the bailer into the well until the lower extensions4 rest upon the bottom of the well, whereupon a further lowering of the rod b will remove the piston from its seat 1 and allow the liquid to be discharged through the lateral openings 3.

The valve-rod may extend upward in two members, as indicated in the drawings, and the piston seat 1 may be provided with notches e to serve as guides for said valverods. The downward extensions at of the bailer below the piston-seat I serve as guides for the piston below the piston-seat.

A sucker-plunger may be employed in the bailer for the purpose of sucking the liquid up into the tube, and thereby finally removing from the bottom of the well nearly all of the contents of the well. In such case the stem or rod for operating the sliding valve is furnished with a stop, as indicated at 5, and a sucker-plunger 6 is provided in the tube to play therealong inside the tube and along said stem and is arranged to engage the stop 5 at the close of the upward stroke of the sucker-plunger to thereby lift the sliding I valve and bring it above said opening.

The stop 5 is preferably a ring fitting the inside of the tube, and the rods of the valvestem b are screw-threaded at their upper ends and furnished with a shoulder 7 below the screw-threads, and the'stop-ring 5 rests on said shoulder and is held in place by nuts 8. The stem Z2 passes through the plunger6 and said plunger slides up and down along said valve-stem b. The plunger-rod 9 is connected to the plunger by a joint 10 in the ordinary way.

11 designates a swiveled and jointed guide of ordinary construction for guiding the plunger-rod 9.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is-

l. A sand pump and bailer comprising a tubular body furnished near its bottom with a piston-seat and open axially to and through its bottom; a piston constructed and arranged to play below the piston-seat and comprising a ring to fit against the piston-seat and a valve constructed to close the opening through the ring and to open upwardly through the piston'seat to allow the material in the well to pass freely into the body of the bailer; the usual lateral outlet being provided in the bailer below the piston-seat, and below which outlet the piston may play to discharge the contents of the bailer.

2. A sand pump and bailer comprising a barrel furnished with an upwardly-projecting notched annular seat and also furnished with downward extensions, an axial opening being provided between said extensions from end to end of said extensions, and through the barrel; a ring between said extensions to seat against the seat of the barrel and furnished with a central opening; a clappervalve to close said central opening; a plurality of rods fastened to said ring and extending up through the notches in the annular seat; and means for operating the rods.

3. In a sand pump and bailer, a tube, the

IIO

the ring that opens upward and is movable to one side of the opening through the ring, and means for automatically moving the ring against the seat to close the tube when thetube is lifted.

4. In a sand pump and bailer, a tube, the lower end of which is open and unobstructed axially and provided with an inwardly-projecting annular seat extending around its interior, an annular valve-plate below the seat and movable vertically to and from the same, stops for limiting the movement from the seat, a valve on the platethat opens upward and is movable to one side of the opening through the plate, and means for automatically moving the plate against the seat to close thetube when the tube is lifted.

5. In a sand pump and bailer, a tube, the lower end of which is open and unobstructed axially and provided with an inwardly-projecting annular seat extending around its interior, said tube being further provided-with stops below the seat and substantially in a line therewith,.an annular valve-plate movable between the seat and the stops, a valve on the plate that opens upwardly and is movable to one side of the opening through the plate, and means for automatically moving the plate against the seat to close the tube when the tube is lifted.

6. In a sand pump and bailer, a tube, the lower end of which is open and unobstructed axially and provided with oppositely-located extensions in line with the wall of the tube, the lower end of each extension being provided with an inwardly-projecting stop, and

the interior of the tube being provided above said extensions with an inwardly-projecting annular seat extending around its interior, an annular valve-plate movable between the seat and the stops, a valve on the plate, that opens upwardly and is movable to one side of the opening through the plate, and means for automatically moving the plate against the seat to close the tube when the tube is lifted.

7. In a sand pump and bailer, a tube, the lower end of which is open and unobstructed axially and provided with oppositely-located semicircular recesses, the portions of the tube between the recesses forming legs, the interior of the tube being provided with an annular seat above said recesses and the lower end of each leg being provided with an inwardly-extending stop, an annular valveplate movable between the seat and the stops, a valve on the plate that opens upward and is movable to one side of the opening through said plate, and means for automatically moving the plate against the seat to close the tube when the tube is lifted,

T8. In a sand pump and bailer, a tube, the lower 'end of which is open and unobstructed axially and provided with an inwardly-projecting annular seat extending around its interior, said seat being provided at diametrically opposite points with recesses, an annular yalve-plate below the seat and movable to and from the same, an upwardly-opening valve on the plate, and a two-part valve-stem secured to the valve-plate and movable longitudinally in said recesses, said plate being adapted to be moved against said seat to close the tube when the stem is moved upward to lift the tube.

9. In a sand pump and bailer, a tube, the

lower end of which is open and unobstructed axially and provided with an inwardly-projecting annular seat extending around its interior, an annular valve-plate below the seat and movable vertically to and from the same, a valve on the plate that opens upwardly and is movable to one side of the opening through the plate, a vertically-movable sucker-plunger in the tube above the seat, and means for automatically moving the plunger away from, and said plate into engagement with,

the-valve-seat-when the tube is lifted.

10. In asand pump and bailer, a tube, the lower end of which is open and unobstructed axially and provided with an inwardly-pro jecting annular seat extending around itsinterior, said seat being provided with recesses, an annular valve-plate below the seat and movable to and from the same, an upwardlyopening valve on the plate, stops for limiting the movement of the plate from the seat,'a

two-part valve-stem secured to the valveplate and-movable longitudinally in said recesses, said plate being adapted to be moved against said seat to close the tube when the stem is moved upward to lift the tube, and a sucker-plunger mounted on the stems to be moved longitudinally thereof, andmeans connected with the plunger for moving it and lifting the tube.

11. .In a sand pump and bailer, a tube, the

lower end of which is open and unobstructed axially and provided with an annular seat and extensions below the seat, the seat being provided with recesses and each extension with a stop, an annular plate movable between the seat and the stops, an upwardlyopening valve on the plate, a two-part valvestem secured to the plate and movably seated in said'recesses, an annular plate secured to the upper ends of said stem, a perforated suckerplunger mounted to move on said stem and lifting means connected with said plunger.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses, at Los Angeles, California, this 11th day of May, 1901.

MORRIS 0. WHITE.

\Vituessesi JAMES R. TOWNSEND, JULIA TOWNSEND. 

